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(No Model.) 7 sheets-sheen 1. C. TIERS, J. H. PENDLETON & A. BRYSON, JI'.

GRIPv POR GABLB RAILWAYS. No. 404,576. Patented June 4, 1889.

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(No Model.) y l 7 vSheets-Sheet 2. C. TIERS, J. E. PENDLETON 8v A. BRYSON. Jr.

GRIP FOR CABLE RAILWAYS.

Patented Juhe 4, 1889.

(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 3.

H. PENDLETON & A. BRYSON, Jr. GRIP FOR CABLE RAILWAYS.

C. TIERS, J.

Patented June 4,I 1889l 7 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

C. TIERS. J. H. PENDLETON & A. BRYSON, Jr.

GRIP BOB CABLE ALwAs.

Patented June 4, 1889.

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(No Model.)

GRIP FOB. CABLE RAILWAYS.

No. 404,576.l Patented June 4, 1889.

N PETERS. Fhum-Lilhngmphur. Washington, D,C.

7 Sheets-Sheet 6.

(No Model.)

GfTIERS, J. H. PENDLETON 8u A. BRYSON, Jr.

GRIP FOR CABLE RAILWAYS.

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(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 7.

0. TIERS, J. H. PBNDLETON-k A. BRYSON', Jr. GRIP PUB, CABLE RAILWAYS.

No. 404,576. Patented June 4, 1889.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CORNELIUS TIERS, OF NEV YORK, JOHN H. PENDLETON, OF BROOKLYN, AND ANDREV BRYSON, JR., OF NEW YORK, ASSIGNORS TO THE RAPID TRAN- SIT CABLE COMPANY, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

GRIP FOR CABLE RAILWAYS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 404,576, dated .I une 4, 188,9.

Application filed July 2l, 1888.

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Be it known that we, CORNELIUS TIERS, of the city and State of New York, JOHN H. PENDLETON, of Brooklyn, in the State of New York, and ANDREW BRYSON,`J r., of the city andV State of N ew York, have invented an Improvement in Grips for Cable Railways, of which the following is a specification. Our grip is designed for use upon a special Io car of each train of cars, and this special car,

which we term a motor-car, is to be connected by the grip to the traveling cable, and the cars connected to said motor-car are drawn or pushed by said motor-car as the latter is I5 drawn alongby the cable. I As there is but one grip for all the cars of the train, we makethe clamping portions of the grip very long and employ toggle-levers to act upon the Inoving part of the grip, which levers are so arzo ranged that the cable is clamped with great pressure between the stationary and moving part of the grip. The moving portion of the grip is iitted to be raised and lowered vertitically, and said moving portion is suspended z5. from a shaft, so that after said moving portion is lowered said moving part may be swung upon its shaft to move the hook of said moving part from beneath the cable to drop the latter, or said hook, if above the cable, may be lowered, swung under the cable, and then lifted when it is desired to pick up the cable. Ve employ an endless belt suitably mounted, against the outer surface of which the cable is clamped by the moving 3 5 portion of the grip, the inner surface of said belt being pressed against the stationary part of the grip. IVe provide for putting this belt in motion so as to have the same moving at about the same speed as the cable when the 4o gri-p is to be applied. To prevent the hook of the grip being heated and worn by the friction of the cable, We cause water or other fluid to circulate through the interior of said hook and keep said hook cool. XVe also provide for dropping and picking up the cable automatically at the ends of sections cf the cable railway and for preventing injury to the hook of the grip when turning curves, as fully lexplained hereinafter.

In the drawings, Figure l is an elevation,

Vratchet-wheel which it holds.

Serial No. 280,658. (No model.)

partly in section, of the motor-car and grip. Fig. 2 is a plan of the same, the cab of the car and the flooring not being shown. For greater clearness a portion of the endless belt is not represented in this figure. Fig. 3 is a 55 cross-section of the elevated-railway structure at a curved portion of the road and an end view partially in section of the motorcar. Fig. 4 is a section of the car and grip at the line xx of Fig. 2, the car being shown as 6o upon a straight. portion of the road. Fig. 5 is a section at the line y y of Fig. 2, the parts being represented in larger size. Fig. 6 is a plan view of a curved portion of the road, illustrating the position of the grip and cable as the car travels upon said curved portion. Figs. 7 and 8 are longitudinal and cross-sections, respectively, of portions of the endless belt of the grip. Fig. 9 is an elevation of the metal plate and its pins for connecting one of 7o the blocks of leather to the endless band. Figs. 10 and 10A are sections of modifications of the endless belt. Fig. 11 is an elevation of the brake-wheel and brake. Fig. 12 is an elevation of the pawl-lever and a portion of the Fig. 13 is 'a t plan of the cable roadway at the terminals ot' sections of the cable railway. Fig. 11i is an elevation of the moving part of the grip detached, showing the arrangement of pipes for 8o water or other iiuid to circulate through the hook of the grip. Fig. 15 is a section of the cock vfor admitting compressed air to the plunger of the moving part of the grip. Fig'. 16 is a sectional plan at the line .z z of Fig. 1. 85

a represents the cross-ties of the elevated- .railway structure; a', the girders for sustaining the same; a2, the rails of the track, and a3 and a4 the outer, and o12 and o14 the inner,

wooden guard-rails, all of usual character. 9o I (See Fig. 4.)

The frame of the car for supporting the grip and its part-s is composed of the longitudinal beams b b b b', transverse beams b2 b2, tiebars b3 b3, and end sills g g. These beams, 95 tie-bars, and end sillsv are preferably of wrought metal, and they are to be bolted together in any desired manner.

h4 b4 are the wheels of the car upon axles b5 b5 in 4journal-boxes b b upon the beams b b. Ioc

Z ZJTare draw-bars connected to the end sills, and a train of cars may be connected to either end sill of the motor'car, as the grip and its parts are so arranged that the motor-car may be drawn either end forward.

c is the stationary part of the grip, preferably of the shape shown in Fi g. l, and this part c depends from and is cast in one with the plate c', which plate is bolted to the beams b2 b2. As a further support for this stationary part of the grip we provide lugs at bs upon said part c, and bolts pass through these lugs and through the tie-bars b3 and connect said sta tionary part of the grip with said tie-bars.

c2 c2 are plates at opposite sides of and bolted to the part c, and these plates project beyond the lower part of c and forni agroove that exy tends nearly the entire length of the stationw ary part of the grip. This groove is in line with the endless cable C, and said groove 'forms a passage-way for the endless belt f, hereinafter described.

The moving part of the grip is composed of a plate (Z, arms cZ cZ, hubs LZ2 (Z2, and a hook portion (Z3, extending at right angles to the plate cZ. (See Figo.) Said arms, plate, hubs,

and hook may be made in one of cast metal, or the hook may bea separate piece from the arms, hubs, and plate and bolted to the plate. le prefer to make the hook of the grip of hardened steel; but it may be made of aluminum bronze. The surface of the groove of the hook is to be as smooth as possible, so as to lessen the friction of the cable on the hook. The hook (ZiS is of about the same length as the lower portion of the stationary part of the grip, and said hook has a nearly semicircular groove in its upper surface, which groove extends the entire length of the hook, and the cable occupies the groove when said cable is being raised or lowered by the hook. The hubs (Z2 (Z2 receive the cylindrical ends of the shaft (Z13, and said shaft has a square portion where it passes through the plunger (Z4, and

also where it passes through guide-slots in the cylinder (Z5. The plunger d." nieves vertically in the cylinder (Z5, and said cylinder is upon a plate fl, that is supported by the beams b2, and said plate t l is of the saine shape as the plate c of the stationary part of the grip, and the same bolts that connect the plate c to the beams b2 also secure the plate tZ to said beams.

c e are arms loose upon the shaft (ZS, and said arms are connected to the short arms of a forked lever e', which lever is pivoted at e2.

c3 is a shaft supported in bearings upon the cylinder di and upon a standard c1, and this shaft has a hand-wheel ef and a ratchet-wheel e, and a chain eT is connected to this shaft c and to the outer end of the long arm of the forked lever c. rlhere is a lever e8 pivoted at c to t-he cylinder di", and this lever has a tooth (ZW to take into the ratchet-wheel c( to keep said wheel and its shaft from turning, and at one end of said lever cR there is foot piece el.

lt is now to be understood that when the grip is to be operated the engineer first moves the lever e8 with his foot and disconnects the tooth of said lever from the ratchet-wheel c, and if the cable is to be dropped he releases his hold upon the hand-wheel 6"', when the weight of the moving parts causes said parts and the plunger d'1 to descend from the position shown by full lines in Fig. 5 to that shown by dotted lines in saine ligure. The hook (Z3 of the grip drops suiliciently below the cable to allow said hook to be moved from beneath the latter without striking it, and if it is desired to raise the hook above the cable the engineer pulls upon the rod el", which, through the links c cl2, swings the moving portion of the grip upon its pivotshaft 13 and moves the hook (Z3 out 'from beneath the cable. The engineer now turns the hand-wheel c, which winds up the chain c7 upon the shaft c3, and in so doing straightens out the toggle e e and lifts the plunger and moving part of the grip. As said moving part is lifted the links c c12 are gradually brought into line with each other, and the weight of said moving part of the grip causes said moving part to swing upon its pivotshaft, and the hook Z3 passes above the cable and below the stationary part of the grip.

lf it is desired to pick up the cable, the moving part ot' the grip is first swung upon its shaft by a pull upon the rod el" to move the hook from beneath the stationary part of the grip. Then the moving part of the grip is lowered, as before described, andby pressing upon the rod c1U the links e elg are straightened and the moving partof the grip swung so as to bring the hook cZ" beneath the cable. The hand-wheel e5 now turned by the engineer, which rotates t-he shaft e3 and winds thechain e5 thereon, straighteningout the toggle c 0, and lifting the plunger and moving part cf the grip, and also the cable thatI occupies the groove of the-hook (Z3. Thelink c swings upon a fixed pivot cl3, and the link cl2 is pivoted to the plate (Z ofthe movingpart of the grip, and the two links are connected by a joint c2, having stops similar to a rulejoint, so that said links will stop moving upon said joint e2 as soon as the links are in line with each other. The cable as brought up by the hook diE is not clamped by said hook directly against the stationary portion of the grip, but it is brought against the outer surface of an endless belt f, which belt is so mounted that a portion of the belt occupies the groovein the lower part of the stationary portion of the grip; hence the hook presses the cable against the outer surface of the endless b'elt, and the inner surface of said belt is pressed against the under surface of the stationary part of the grip when the cable is clamped by the grip. The endless beltj" passes around and is carried by the drums j" f', that are upon shaft-sjA2 f2, fitted to turn in boxes or bearings upon standards j fi", bolted to the beams b', and the holes in the base of said standards for the attac]ling-bolts are slotted,

ITO

, come worn or injured, it may be so that said standards may be adjusted in po-- sition upon said beams b. The endless belt fis composed of two or more bands of leather f5, or leather and canvas combined, to which are secured blocks of leather fLl by metal pins f6, that pass through the bands f and blocks f4. The pins f6 for each block of leather are upon a plate f7, and said plate and pins are preferably in one of malleable cast-iron, and the pins after being passed through the holes formed for them in the bands and blocks have their ends spread, so as to firmly secure the blocks to the bands f5. Instead of spreading the ends of the pins f to secure the blocks in place, said pins may have holes for the passage of wires or keys fn", each wire passing through the leather block and through two pins of each plate, as shown in Fig. 10A. The ends of the wire where they project beyond the leather bleek are bent over or otherwise secured to keep them in place. By this arrangement, if a plate f7 or leather block beremoved by first taking out the wires f1S and then withdrawing the pins f6 and another block substituted. Ve prefer to employa sheet-metal case f1'L to surround four sides and a portion of the top of each leather block (see Fig. 10A)l to keep said block from spreading by the aci `tion of the cable, and this metal case may be held in place by the wires f 13, passing through holes in said case, the ends of the wires being bent down outside said case. Ve remark that the endless belt just described is not of itself claimed herein, but the same forms the subject of an application for patent iiled by J. H. Pendleton, C. Tiers, A. Bryson, J r., and L. Moss November 13, 1888,- Serial No. 290,740.

Each block of leather is formed of a number of pieces of leather secured together by rivets f8, and the outer surface of each block has a nearly semicircular groove in it running lengthwise of the block, and the grooves of the respective blocksarcvin line with each other, so that thereis a continuousgroove eX- tending the entire length of the outer surface of the belt. When the cable is clamped, it occupies the groove in the hook andthe groove in the endless belt; hence the cable is prevented from moving sidewise in the grip.

Instead of employing the plates f7 to form the inner surface of the endless belt f, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, said plates may be replaced by two or more bands of steel fi), as shown in Fig. lO, the blocks f4, leatherbands f5, and steel bands being connectedtogether by rivets, and to give greater iiexibility to this form of belt some of the bands f5 may be cut in .line with the spaces between the blocks, as shown in said Fig. l0.

In order to set the endless belt in motion and have it moving at about the same speed as the cable, so as to prevent injury to either grip er cable when the latter is being clamped' by the grip, we employ a wheel 7L upon an arm 7L', that is fitted to swing upon the shaft f2, and said arm is connected to an arm hl? of the lever hg by a pin his, that passes through a slot in the arm k12 and has a head that comes above said arm k12, and the arm k12 carries a roller or pulley b9. Upon the axle of the wheel h there is a pulley h2 for a belt h3, that passes over a pulley h4 upon the shaftfz. There is a wheel h, pulleys h2 and h4, belt h3,

Varms 7L and hl?, and lever. hs for each drum f and when the wheels h are broughtI in contact withthe cable, as next described, said wheels are put in motion, and by the pulleys h2 h4 and belt h3 the shafts f2 and drums f are rotated and the endless belt f put in motion.

1'. c' are bent levers, pivoted at ft2 z2, and one end ef each lever is connected to a lever hs by a link 1l.

z3 is a rod, the outer ends of which are connected to the levers e' z', and around this rod there is a spring i* between the fixed collar and the loose collar i".

i? i7 are links connected to the loose collar fi and forked ends of the bent lever fig, and t? is a foot-piece connected to said lever 8.

Itis now to be understood that when the foot-piece 9 is depressed by the engineer the lever is swings upon 'its pivot, and by the links i7 7 the rod t3 is moved. This latter swings the levers 't' t', and by the links t" i the levers hs hs and arms 71.12 are moved, so that the rollers or pulleys hg h9 at the ends of4 said arms k12 are moved downward. The arms k12 vin moving allow the arms h to drop, and said arms 7L drop until the Wheels h arebrought into contact with the cable which puts them in rotation; but the belts h3 are at this time too slack to turn their pulleys hf. When the levers hs receive their extreme movement, the rollers hi are in contact with the belts h3 and tighten them sufficiently, so that they will be put in motion by the revolution of they wheels h, and thereby rotate the shafts f2, drums f',

and endless belt f.

To insure the rotation of the endless belt f while the grip Vis being applied,'the engineermust keep the foot-piece fi depressed and the wheels L in contact with the cable until the latter is lifted and clamped betweenthe two parts of the grip. lf the wheels h were kept down to their lowest point while the cable is being lifted by the grip, it might cause a bend in the cable between each wheel andthe ends of the grip.

l/Ve provide for allowing the wheels 7L to rise with the cable as the latter is lifted, as next explained. y

The spring @"1 around the rod i3 is sufficiently strongso as not to be compressed duriug the movement of the parts while the wheels h are being lowered to the cable, and, as before set forth, said spring is between the loose collar i6 and the fixed collar on said rod i3, and the lever is is connected to the loose collar by links il i". By bearing in mind that the lever 'i8 is held in a liXed position when the foot-piece t is depressed it will be apparent that as the wheels 7L are lifted by the cable the levers hs, links c", and levers IOO fZ and rod lZ3 can resume their normal posi tion only by moving against the resistance of the spring t4; hence the rollers hf) will be kept in contact with the belts h3, and said belts will be keptsufficicntly tight during the upward movement of the arms h and 7b2 and wheels ZL and insure the rotation of the endless belt f until the cable is clamped against said belt. As soon as the cable is gripped the engineer releases the foot-piece Z" and the parts are returned to their normal position by the spring Z" and the counterweights h15 upon the levers hs.

In an application for patent, Serial No. 280,652, filed July 2l 1888, there is shown and described a combined air-pump and engine, the pump being used to force air into areservoir and the engine for use in propelling1 the train short distances, and a reference is here by made to said application for a more complete description of said combined air-pump and engine than is given herein. ZZ represent the cylinders of said combined pump and air-engine, and the piston-rods Z of these cylinders are connected to cranks upon one of the axles of the car-Wheels. These pumps force air into the tanks Z2, and the compressed airis used for operatin g the grip and other uses hereinafter setforth. Thereis a regulator Z3 (see Fig. fi) for each pump, which prevents air being forced into the tanks after the maximum pressure of air in said tanks is reached; but as soon as the pressure diminishes said regulator allows more air to be forced into the tanks Z2. These tanks are shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2 and by full lines in Fig. Li. A second and smaller pair of these combined air-pumps and engines are shown by dott-ed lines at Z4, Fig. 2. These are also connected with the tanks Z2, and they may be `used for rotating one of the shafts f2, and thereby give motion to the endless belt instead of employing the wheels ZL for said purpose. We have shown by dotted lines the piston-rods of said engines as connected to cranks upon one of the shafts of the drums f XVe provide a shoe Z5 upon the under side of the stationary portion c of the grip for the inner surface of the endless belt to be moved over or clamped against, and this shoe is of wrought-iron or other suitable material, and extends the entire length of the stationary portion of the grip, and said shoe is held in place by pins Z, that pass through the plates c2 and through said shoe. Zhen this shoe becomes worn out, it can be removed by withdrawing the pins Z6 and another shoe substituted. If the endless belt should get wet or greasy, said belt might slip and be drawn through the grip by the cable after the grip had been applied, and the cable would not be firmly held by the grip. To prevent this we provide a brake-wheel ZT upon the shaft f2, so that said shaft f2 may be prevented from turning if the belt should slip in the grip. When said shaft is held, the friction of the belt upon one of the drums f will be sufficient to pre of the water vent said belt slipping in the grip. Both shafts f2, however, might be provided with brake-wheels- The brake for the Wheel Z7 may be of any desired character. Ve have shown in Fig. 1l a lever Z8, that is to be brought down upon the periphery of the wheel ZT when it is desired to hold said wheel and shaft and prevent their rotation.

By experiment we found that the friction of the cable upon the hook portion of the grip, when lifting up the cable and applying the grip, caused said hook to become highly heated, and said heat destroyed the temper of the metal of the hook, and the metal lost its hardness to such an extent that the hook was rapidly worn by the passage of the cable over it. To overcome this We cause water or other fiuid to circulate through the interior of the hook, which prevents the hook being heated beyond the point which causes a circulation vthrough the hook, and as the water or other iuid is returned to the hook very cold said cold water speedily lowers the temperature of the hook and prevents the hook being injured.

Referring to Fig. 14, which shows an elevation of the moving part of the grip detached and of the tank and pipes for supplying water to the hook, m is a small tank containing water, supported upon the flooring m12 ofthe car, and from the lower part of the tank extends a flexible pipe m', that is connected to a pipe m2, that opens into the interior of the hook d3 near one end thereof.

m3 is a pipe that opens into the interior of the hook near the other end, and the upper end of said pipe m3 is connected to the pipe mi by a Iiexible coupling m5, the pipe 'm4 opening into the tank above the pipe m.

It is now to be understood that as soon as the hook Z3 becomes heated by the friction of the cable against said hook the water in the hook becomes heated, and the hot water ascends by the pipes m3 m5 m4 to the tank, and the cooler water returns to the hook by the pipes m m2. A constant circulation of water through the hook is thus maintained as long as the hook is heated, and this circulation of Water by itself is sufficient to prevent the hook being injured by the heat; but we prefer to let the exhaust-air from the air-engines pass by a pipe m3 to a tubular jacket mi, that surrounds the pipe mi, andA this exhaust-air will cool the heated water in said pipe, so that the water will return cold to the tank, thereby causing the hook to be cooled much more quickly than by the use of water alone. The exhaust-air may be allowed to escape into the atmosphere from the jacket mi; but we prefer to connect said jacket m7 with the tank m by a pipe m9, which opens downwardly into said tank, so that the air may pass from the jacket into said tank and discharge as a jet into the water to more thoroughly cool the contents of said tank.

Te have shown in Figs. t and 5 three passage-ways in the hook (Z3 for the air or other IOO IIO

rl uid, and said passage-ways merge into one at the ends of the hook, and this single passageway should run as far as possible into the ends of the hook in order thatthe ends ot' the hook shall be cooled as quickly as the central portion of the same.

In place of using water to cool the hook,

all the exhaust-air from the engines may be allowed to pass through said hook. This may be accomplished by connecting the exhaustpi pe m6 of each engine with a pipe connected to the pipe m2 and allowing the air to enter one end of the hook and escape from a small opening at the other end of the hook.

In running upon curves it is necessary to employjguide-pulleys upon the car to keep the cable in a straight line where it passes through the grip, so that the cable will pass oi from said guide-pulleys to the guide-pulleys upon the railwaj7 structure, and thereby avoid the wear upon the ends of the grip that would result if the cable passed oiifrom the ends of the grip to the guide-pulleys upon the roadbed. The guide-pulleys upon the car are shown in pairs n n at opposite ends of the grip, and each pair is placed as close as possible to the end of the grip. The axis of each pulley is supported in bearings upon an arm n', depending from and cast in one with a plate n?, which latter is connected to a plate n3 by bolts n4, that pass through slotted holes in the plate n3, and this plate n3 is bolted iirmly to the beams b b and bar nl?. j

There 1s a projection n upon each plate n2, that passes up through a slot in the plate n3, and between said projection n and the beam Zi there is a spring fn, that tends to force the plate n2 and the parts carried by it toward the side of the car, so as to keep the pulleys n n away from ythe cable when the car is traveling upon a straight portion of the road.

To bring one pulley n of each pair to the cable when traveling upon a curve of the road, we employ a guide-rail ai, that is concentric with the curved portion of the track a2, and this guide-rail acts upon rollers as, carf ried by the plates n2. This guide-rail is outside of the inner rail of the curve and-is sup- `ported above the cross-ties by brackets a9,

bolted to the wooden guard-rails a3, and said guide-rail a7 is so positioned that when the rollers as upon one side ot' the car come in contact with said rail the rollers 17,8, plates n2, andv pulleys n upon said side of the car are moved toward the center of the car until the cable C is within the groove of the pulleys, so that the cable passes in a straightline through the grip from one pulley to the other, as illustrated in Fig. 6, and as this guide-rail extends the entire length of the curve it keeps the pulleys n in this position while the car is traveling upon the curve. When the wheels leave the guide-rail as the car passes from the curved to the straight portion of the road, the springs 'a6 move the plates n2 and parts carried by them away from the center of the car, so that the pulleys n do not touch the cable when the car is traveli-ng upon the straight portion of the road. When a car is traveling' upon the curve of a cable railway, the cable tends to draw the car sidewisetoward the inner rail of the curved track, and the flanges of the wheels pulleys as possible within a givenl space, andthe shaft or gudgeon for each wheel n@ is supported in a bearing partly formed with the arm n and partly with a cap-plate p15, that is bolted to said arm. The guide-pulleys uw upon the road-bed, as shown in the drawings, form the subject of a separate application for patent. In order to drop and pick up the cable automatically at the terminals of sections of the cable railway, we employ the devices next described.

The pawl-lever es, before referred to, yis conneet-ed by a link o to a lever o2, pivoted at 03 to a bracket upon the beam bf, and one arm of said lever extends down and is adjacent to the inner wooden guard-rail 012, and at the inner side of said guard-rail there is an incline 04, which is loc-ated a short distance from the drum 025, around which the cable of one section passes. (See Fig. 13.) The cable and car travel in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 13, and as the lever o2 comes in contact with said incline o4r said lever o2y is swung upon its pivot, and by the link 0 the lever c8 is moved and disconnects the pawld17 from the wheel e6. The weight of the moving part of the grip causes said moving part to drop as soon as the wheel e is released, and the paris assume the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 5, the cable being free of the grip. As the car moves on by momentum the hook Z3 of the grip comes in contact with the shear o5, which swings the moving part of the grip upon its pivot-shaft e113, and in so doing the hook d3 of the grip is moved out from beneath the cable, and said shear o5 keeps the hook in this position until the rear end of the hook has passed slightly beyond the drum o, around which the cable of the next section passes. As soon as the rear end of the hook has passed beyond said drumY o6 said hook d3 will, by gravity, swin g under the cable of the next section; but toinsure its passing under said cable we provide an inclineat o7, which swings the hook under the cable with a positive movement, and finally brings said hook so that the groove in the latter is immediately IOO IIO

below the cable, and when in this position an arm o8 .upon the car (see Fig. 4) comes in contact with an incline o upon the guard-rail o1 4.

This arm oR is connected to the plug of a cock 010, and the movement of this arm, as the arm moves over the incline o", turns said cock to the position shown in Fig. l and allows compressed air to pass from the reservoir by the pipes o11 o2'2 to the interior of the cylinder ci, and said air acts upon the plunger d" and lifts the same. The plunger being connected to the moving part of the grip, as before described, said moving part of the grip is also lifted, and the hook di; carries up the cable and the latter is clamped by the grip, so that the car will now be carried along by the cable. As soon as the arm os has passed beyond the point o1S of the incline o a spring o1'l returns the arm oS to its normal position, and the cock 010 is turned so thatits passage-way coincides with the pipe 022 and an opening at 0" in the barrel of the cock, and the air escapes from the cylinder d?, passing' by said pipe 022, cock, and opening oli.

The plunger (1, is to be provided with hydraulic packing, so thatI said plunger will fit perfectly air-tight in its cylinder, and we provide a spring p to wind up the chain upon the shaft c5 when the moving part of the grip is lifted by the plunger, as just described.

It is to be understood that the pawl-lever cR is returned by gravity to its norm al position, with the pawl d. in contact with the ratchetwheel e6, as soon as the lever o2 passed beyond the incline o", and that said pawl-lever prevents the wheel c and shaft e turning backward during the upward movement of the plunger and the winding of the chain upon the shaft, and that the moving part of the grip cannot be again lowered until said pawl-lever is disconnected from the ratchetwheel c. The spring p is shown in Fig. 5 only. One end of said spring is connected to the shaft e and the other end to a stud projecting from the cylinder d, and said spring is wound up every time the moving part of the grip is lowered, and it is to be of sufficient strength to rotate the shaft and wind up the chain thereon when the moving part of the grip is lifted, as before described. lt is very important that the grip shall be so constructed that itwill yield slightly and allow the cable to slide through the grip at times when the grip is being applied to portions of the cable where the diameter of the cable is slightly increasedsuch as at splicmgs-for if the car is only partially gripped to the cable and is not moving at the same speed as the cable, and an enlargement of the cable should pass into the grip, said enlarged portion would not slip through the grip and the car would move forward with a jerk at the same speed`as the cable.

Te provide a spring .(1, connected to the chain or other connection cT from the togglelever e to the shaft e, so that if an enlarged part of the cable should enter the grip while the latter is being applied said spring will be compressed by the increased pressure on the hook of the grip and allow said hook to drop su fiiciently for the enlarged part of the cable to slide through the grip without giving any jerk to the car that is only partially gripped to the cable. \Ve have shown said spring q as within acylinder q and between one head of said cylinder and ahead upon a rod q2, that is connected to one part of the chain ci, the cylinder q being connected to the other part of said chain.

The spring (l might have its two ends connected directly to the two parts of the chain; but we prefer the construct-ion shown, for if the spring q should` break under the strain to which it may be subjected there will still be a iirm connection between the two parts of the chain by the cylinder q and rod ff, and the moving part of the grip will be prevented from dropping.

ln the application, Serial No. 306,837, filed Aprilll, 1889, of John ll. Pendleton and Andrew Bryson, Jr., the guard-rail fnl, as a part of the railway structure against which the wheel on the car is to act,is broadly claimed, and hence is not claimed herein except as an element in connection with parts of the car.

lVe claim as our invention l. The combination, with the station-ary part of the grip and a support for the same, of a moving part having a hook at its lower end, a pivot-shaft for said hook to swing upon, means for raising and lowering said shaft, an endless belt against which the cable clamped, and drums for supporting said belt, substantially as specified.

2. The combination, with the stationary part of the grip and a support for the same, of a moving part having a hook at its lower end, a pivot-shaf t for said hook to swing upon, means for raising and lowering said shaft, an endless belt against which the cable is clamped, drums for supporting said belt, and means for rotating said drums and endless belt, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, with the stationary and moving part of the grip, the latter having a hook-shaped lower end, of an endless belt against which the cable, is clamped, shafts and drums for supporting said belt, means for rotating said shafts and drums, a brakewheel upon one of the shafts of said drums, and a brake for arresting the rotation Vof said brake-wheel and its shaft, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. The combination, with the stationary part of the grip and a support for the same, of the moving part of the grip, having a hook at its lower end, the cylinder (Z5 and its plunger, the shaft (Z13, passing through the plunger and supporting the moving part of the grip, the lever e and arms c, the shaft c, ratchet-wheel e6, and pawl-lever e, and the chain e7, connecting the shaft e3 to the lever e', substantially as specified.

5. The combination, with the stationary part of the grip, a support for the same, the moving part of the grip, the cylinder d, plunger d", and shaft d, of the lever e, arms e,

lOO

IIS

and `moving part of the grip, means for the shaft e3, ratchet-wheel e and its pawl,

the chain el, connected with said shaft es and toggle-lever, and a spring connected with said chain, for the purposes specified.

6. The combination, in a gripping device for cable railways, of the stationary part of the grip, a pivoted moving part, means for lowering and raising said moving part of the grip, and a yielding connection to the moving` part of the grip, so that said moving part may yield if the cable is obstructed in its passage in the grip, as set forth.

7. The combination, with the stationary and moving part of the grip, means for operating said moving part, the endless belt f, and shafts and drums for supporting said belt of the arm h, pivoted upon one of said shafts, the wheel 7i, carried by said arm h', the pulleys h2 h4 and band hw, and means, substantially as specified, for lowering the wheel h, for the purposes set forth. Y

8. The combination, with the stationary operating said moving part, the endless belt f, shafts and drums for supporting said belt, the arms t, wheels h, pulleys h2 h4, bands h3, levers hs, t', and i8, links i', the arms 7tlg and rollers h, a connection between the arms h and 7112, and a yielding connection between the lever z' and the lever i8, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

9. The combination, with the stationary and moving part of the grip and means for operating said moving part, of the endless belt f, formed of bands of leather or other material, to which blocks of leather are secured, and means for supporting said endless belt, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

10. The combination, with the gripping device and the car-frame and its wheels and axles, of the pairs of pulleys n, supports for said pulleys fitted to move upon the car' frame, the springs n, the wheels ns, carried by said pulley-supports, and a rail nl, supported upon the cross-ties for moving and keeping the pulleys upon one side of the car into contact with the cable when the car is traveling upon a curved portion of the road, as set forth.

11. The combination, with the cable railway, the car, and its wheels and axles, a gripping device upon the car, and guide-pulleys and their supports, also upon the car, of a rail supported upon the railway structure at the curved portion thereof to act upon said guidepulleys and keep the cable toward the center of the curved track, substantially as set forth.

12. The combination, with the stationary and moving part of the grip, the toggle-arms, chain, shaft, ratchet-wheel, and pawl-lever for holding up the moving part of the grip, of the lever o2, connected to the pawl-lever by a link, an incline o4upon the roadway for disconnecting the pawl-lever and allowing the moving part of the grip to drop, and the shear o for moving the hook of the grip from under the cable, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

13. The combination, with the stationary 'and movin g part of the grip, of the plunger (Z4,

the moving part of the grip, as specified.

1st. The combination, with the gripping device, the car upon which it is mounted, a reservoir containing compressed air upon said car, the inclines o4 07,0", and `shear o5 upon the roadway, and mechanism, substantially as specified, operated by said inclines, so that at the terminals of cable-sections the moving part of the grip is dropped and swung out from beneath one section of cable and then g swung under and lifted to connect the cable of the next section with the grip, as specified.

15. The combination, with the stationary and moving part of the grip, and means, substantially as specified, for supporting said moving part of the grip, of the links eu @l2 and vrod ew, foar swinging the moving part of the grip by hand, as set forth.

16. The combination, with the stationary and moving part of the grip and the endless belt against which the cable is clamped, of a shoe of wrought-iron or other suitable mate-d rial upon the stationary portion of said grip, against which shoe the inner surface of the endless belt is pressed when the cable is clamped by the grip, as set forth.

17. The combination, with the stationary part of the grip, of the moving part of the grip, having a hollow hook, a tank containing water or other fluid, and pipes connecting the respective ends of the hook with said tank, so that water or other fluid is caused to circulate through the hook as soon as the latter becomes heated, as set forth.

18. The combination, with the stationary part of the grip, of the moving part having a hollow hook, a tank containing water or.

other fluid, pipes connecting the respective ends of the hook with the tank, and a jacket for receiving exhaust compressed air surrounding the return water-pipe, so that the lOO IIO

water or other fluid in the pipes and tanks is cooled by exhaust compressed air, as set forth.

19. The combination, with the stationary part of the grip, of the moving part having a hollow hook, a tank containing fluid, and pipes .connecting the grip with said tank, so that-the fluid is caused to circulate through the grip as the latter becomes heated, substantially as set forth.

20. The combination, with the grip mechanism, onepart of which is hollow, of a fluidsupplying` device that causes the fluid to pass through the hollow part of the grip for ccol in?,` the same, substantially as specified.

2l. The combination, in a grip for cable railways, of an endless belt against which the cable is clamped and means for putting; said belt in motion prior to the Contact 0f the cable with said belt, substantially as specified.

22. The combination, in a grip for cable railways, oi' an endless belt against which the cable is clamped, drums for suppoliing.;l said belt, a wheel that is rotated by the cable, and a connection between said wheel and one of said drums for giving motion to said endless belt, substantially as specified.

Signed by us this 19th day of July, 1888. CORNELUS TIERS. J. H. PENDLETON. A. BRYSON, JR. Yitnessem GEO. T. PINCKNEY, WILLIAM G. MOTT. 

